Grammar Lessons

👉 Definition:

Used for habitual actions, general truths, and permanent situations

নিয়মিত কাজ, সাধারণ সত্য এবং স্থায়ী পরিস্থিতির জন্য ব্যবহৃত হয়

👉 Structure:

Subject + verb (base form) / verb+s (3rd person singular)

👉 Examples:

👉 Important Rules:

• •Add "s" or "es" to verbs for he/she/it
• •Use base form for I/you/we/they
• •For negative: do not / does not + base verb
• •For question: Do/Does + subject + base verb?

👉 Definition:

Used for actions happening now or around now

এখন বা এখনকার আশেপাশে ঘটছে এমন কাজের জন্য ব্যবহৃত

👉 Structure:

Subject + am/is/are + verb+ing

👉 Examples:

👉 Important Rules:

• •Use am with I
• •Use is with he/she/it
• •Use are with you/we/they
• •Add -ing to the main verb

👉 Definition:

Used for completed actions in the past

অতীতে সম্পন্ন হওয়া কাজের জন্য ব্যবহৃত

👉 Structure:

Subject + verb (past form)

👉 Examples:

👉 Important Rules:

• •Regular verbs: add -ed
• •Irregular verbs: use special forms
• •For negative: did not + base verb
• •For question: Did + subject + base verb?

👉 Definition:

Used for actions that were in progress at a specific time in the past

অতীতের একটি নির্দিষ্ট সময়ে চলমান ছিল এমন কাজের জন্য ব্যবহৃত

👉 Structure:

Subject + was/were + verb+ing

👉 Examples:

👉 Important Rules:

• •Use was with I/he/she/it
• •Use were with you/we/they
• •Often used with "when" or "while"
• •Shows interrupted action in past

👉 Definition:

Used for actions that will happen in the future

ভবিষ্যতে ঘটবে এমন কাজের জন্য ব্যবহৃত

👉 Structure:

Subject + will + verb (base form)

👉 Examples:

👉 Important Rules:

• •Use "will" with all subjects
• •For negative: will not (won't)
• •For question: Will + subject + verb?
• •Can also use "going to" for planned actions

👉 Definition:

Used for past actions with present relevance or unspecified time

বর্তমান প্রাসঙ্গিকতা সহ বা অনির্দিষ্ট সময়ের অতীত কাজের জন্য ব্যবহৃত

👉 Structure:

Subject + have/has + verb (past participle)

👉 Examples:

👉 Important Rules:

• •Use have with I/you/we/they
• •Use has with he/she/it
• •Often used with: just, already, yet, ever, never
• •Shows connection between past and present

👉 Definition:

Used to express ability, possibility, permission, obligation

সামর্থ্য, সম্ভাবনা, অনুমতি, দায়িত্ব প্রকাশ করতে ব্যবহৃত

👉 Structure:

Subject + modal verb + base verb

👉 Examples:

👉 Important Rules:

• •Modal verbs do not change form
• •No -s for third person singular
• •Followed by base verb without "to"
• •Each modal has specific meaning

👉 Definition:

Used to express hypothetical situations and their results

কাল্পনিক পরিস্থিতি এবং তার ফলাফল প্রকাশ করতে ব্যবহৃত

👉 Structure:

If + condition, result (various forms)

👉 Examples:

👉 Important Rules:

• •Zero conditional: If + present, present (general truths)
• •First conditional: If + present, will (real future)
• •Second conditional: If + past, would (unreal present)
• •Third conditional: If + past perfect, would have (unreal past)

👉 Definition:

Used when the focus is on the action, not who performs it

যখন কর্তার চেয়ে কাজের উপর জোর দেওয়া হয়

👉 Structure:

Object + be + past participle (+ by + subject)

👉 Examples:

👉 Important Rules:

• •Use appropriate form of "be" + past participle
• •The doer can be omitted or mentioned with "by"
• •Common in formal and scientific writing
• •Object of active becomes subject of passive

👉 Definition:

Used to compare two or more things

দুই বা ততোধিক জিনিসের তুলনা করতে ব্যবহৃত

👉 Structure:

Adjective + -er/more (comparative), -est/most (superlative)

👉 Examples:

👉 Important Rules:

• •Short adjectives: add -er (comparative), -est (superlative)
• •Long adjectives: use more/most
• •Irregular forms: good/better/best, bad/worse/worst
• •Use "than" with comparatives

👉 Definition:

Used before nouns to specify or generalize

নির্দিষ্ট বা সাধারণভাবে বোঝাতে বিশেষ্যের আগে ব্যবহৃত

👉 Structure:

a/an (indefinite), the (definite)

👉 Examples:

👉 Important Rules:

• •Use "a" before consonant sounds
• •Use "an" before vowel sounds (a, e, i, o, u)
• •Use "the" for specific things
• •No article for general plural or uncountable nouns

👉 Definition:

Used to show relationships of time, place, and direction

সময়, স্থান এবং দিকনির্দেশের সম্পর্ক দেখাতে ব্যবহৃত

👉 Structure:

Preposition + noun/pronoun

👉 Examples:

👉 Important Rules:

• •in: months, years, cities, countries
• •on: days, dates, surfaces
• •at: specific times, places
• •Common prepositions: for, from, to, with, by, about

👉 Definition:

Used to ask for information using question words

প্রশ্ন শব্দ ব্যবহার করে তথ্য জানতে ব্যবহৃত

👉 Structure:

Wh-word + auxiliary + subject + main verb?

👉 Examples:

👉 Important Rules:

• •What: asks about things
• •Where: asks about places
• •When: asks about time
• •Who: asks about people
• •Why: asks for reasons
• •How: asks about manner

👉 Definition:

Words that replace nouns to avoid repetition

পুনরাবৃত্তি এড়াতে বিশেষ্যের পরিবর্তে ব্যবহৃত শব্দ

👉 Structure:

Subject pronouns, Object pronouns, Possessive pronouns

👉 Examples:

👉 Important Rules:

• •Subject pronouns: I, you, he, she, it, we, they
• •Object pronouns: me, you, him, her, it, us, them
• •Possessive adjectives: my, your, his, her, its, our, their
• •Possessive pronouns: mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs

👉 Definition:

Words that modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs

ক্রিয়া, বিশেষণ বা অন্য ক্রিয়া বিশেষণকে পরিবর্তন করে এমন শব্দ

👉 Structure:

Usually verb + adverb or adverb + adjective

👉 Examples:

👉 Important Rules:

• •Manner: how something happens (quickly, carefully, badly)
• •Time: when something happens (now, yesterday, tomorrow)
• •Frequency: how often (always, usually, sometimes, never)
• •Many adverbs end in -ly

👉 Definition:

Words that connect words, phrases, or clauses

শব্দ, বাক্যাংশ বা বাক্যকে সংযুক্ত করে এমন শব্দ

👉 Structure:

Clause + conjunction + clause

👉 Examples:

👉 Important Rules:

• •and: adds information
• •but: shows contrast
• •or: shows choice
• •because: shows reason
• •so: shows result
• •although: shows contrast despite

👉 Definition:

Verbs combined with prepositions or adverbs with new meanings

নতুন অর্থ সহ অব্যয় বা ক্রিয়া বিশেষণের সাথে মিলিত ক্রিয়া

👉 Structure:

Verb + particle (preposition/adverb)

👉 Examples:

👉 Important Rules:

• •wake up: get out of bed
• •look after: take care of
• •turn off/on: switch off/on
• •give up: stop doing something
• •look for: search
• •find out: discover